. Principes de l'anatomie et la physiologie de la cellule végétale. Les cellules et les tissus des plantes. s^ ANATOMIE ET PHYSIOLOGIE DE LA Fig. 38. ' (T CoUenchynia à partir de cellules souches de l'vulgmis^ bêta dans les angles de l'cellb la substance de leur membrane (a) est très hygroscopique, ^elatmously et gonfle np m l'eau. en wlietlier ou non, dans certains cas,^^, par exemple dans ScMzolohmm {excelsum albnmen de voir sur Scliloiden ^^ Albumen'' dans la loi sur les ovules^» JS Natm bibelots'' xix. p. 11, pi. xliii, ^G 55), cellules et substance intercellulaire proviennent ensemble ; mais rien ne peut être vraiment déterminé abou

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. Principles of the anatomy and physiology of the vegetable cell. Plant cells and tissues. s^ ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF Fig 38.. ' (t CoUenchynia cells from the stem of Beta^ vulgmis In the angles of the cellb the substance of their membrane (a) IS very hygroscopic, and swells np ^elatmously m WAter. made out wlietlier or not, in certain case^, for instance in tlie albnmen of ScMzolohmm excelsum {see Scliloiden on ^^ Albumen'' in the " JS^ova act Natm Curios'' xix. p. 11, pi. xliii, ^g 55), cells and intercellular substance originate together; but nothing can be decidedly determined about this, since we are altogether -without observations on the develop- ment. In very many cases it is extraordinarily difficult to distinguish the in- tercellular substance from the cell-wall. In regard to this, my opinions differ in many cases from those of many other ob- servers ; for instance, of Schleiden, especially in re- lation to the structure of the cells which swell up in a jelly-lii:e manner in water (the so-called coUen- chyma-cells), which occur in the outer layer of the rind in many plants; for example, in Cuairhita Fepo, and Beta vulgaris (fig. 38), in which, accord- ing to my view, the parts swelling up (a) belong to the cell-membrane, and are formed of second- ary layers deposited in the angles of the cells; while, according to the opinion I formerly ex- pressed, still defended by Schleiden, the cells possess walls of uniform thickness, and the laminated mass lying between their angles is to be regarded as in- tercellular substance. In such difficult cases it is best to allow the cells to swell up in nitric acid, to render the stratification of their membrane more dis- tinct, and thus to make out the position of the primary membrane (^g. 39). linger ('^ Bokm. Zeitung, " 1847, 289) has recently sought to demon- strate that the origin of the intercellular substance and of the cells is simultaneous. The reasons advanced by him do not seem to me convincing. In t

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