Dictionnaire des antiquités grecques et romaines. . à l'axe. (Vitruv. IV. 4.) Theseincisions, appelé striae, ont toujours été travaillé avec une régularité extrême. La section d'eux par avion parallèle à la base était, dans les ordres ionic et corinthiens, un demi-cercle ; dans le Doric, itwas un arc beaucoup moins qu'un demi-cercle. Le nombre de théirns était de 20 dans les colonnes du Parthénon, ci-dessus représenté ; dans d'autres cas, 24, 28 ou 32. La capitale était généralement constituée d'un bloc de pierre, l'arbre composé de pièces sécalcylindriques qui s'étaient posées l'une sur l'autre. Lorsque la colonne a été érigée, ses pièces de composants W

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A dictionary of Greek and Roman antiquities.. . to the axis. (Vitruv. iv. 4.) Theseincisions, called striae, were always worked withextreme regularity. The section of them by aplane parallel to the base was, in the Ionic andCorinthian orders, a semicircle ; in the Doric, itwas an arc much less than a semicircle. Theirnumber was 20 in the columns of the Parthenon, above represented ; in other instances, 24, 28, or 32. The capital was commonly wrought out of oneblock of stone, the shaft consisting of severalcylindrical pieces fitted to one another. Whenthe column was erected, its component parts werefirmly joined together, not by mortar or cement, but hj iron cramps fixed in the direction of theaxis. The annexed woodcut is copied from anengraving in Swinburnes Tour in the TwoSicilies (vol. ii. p. 301), and represents a Doriccolumn, which has been thrown prostrate in sucha manner as to show the capital lying separate, and the five drums of the shaft, each four feetlong, with the holes for the iron cramps by whichthey were united together.. Columns of an astonishing size were neverthelesserected, in which the shaft was one piece of stone.For this purpose it was hewn in the quarry intothe requisite form (Virg. Aen. i. 428), and wasthen rolled over the ground, or moved by the aidof various mechanical contrivances, and by im-mense labour, to the spot where it was to be setup. The mausoleum of the Emperor Hadrian, acircular building of such dimensions that it servesas the fortress of modern Rome, was surroundedby forty-eight lofty and most beautiful Corinthianpillars, the shaft of each pillar being a single pieceof marble. About the time of Constantine, someof these were taken to support the interior of achurch dedicated to St. Paul, which a few yearsago was destroyed by fire. The interest attachedto the working and erection of these noble co-lumns, the undivided shafts of which consisted ofthe most valuable and splendid materials, led mu- | nificent individuals to employ their

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• bookauthorsmithwilliam18131893
• bookcentury1800
• bookdecade1840