Les arbres forestiers de la pente du Pacifique . untaius givenin sera Ji future publication. Événement. Pistes de haute montagne exposés et de canyon et d'autre, dans les sols rocailleux et graveleux à sec, parfois dans les fissures de la roche. En très ouvert, mais pratiquement les peuplements purs, ou amongJeffrey dispersés et pins tordus. Cli.matic Conditions.-semblables à ceux de .Jeffrey pine. ToLER.NCE.- pas parfaitement connue. Semble être décidément tolère pas l'ombre dans allstages ; de croissance se développe toujours en pleine lumière. La reproduction.-semoir très abondant, mais les semis sont seulement quelques scatteredin sol minéral et pur. FOEEST 186 T

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Forest trees of the Pacific slope . untaius will be givenin Ji future publication. OCCURRENCE. Exposed high mountain slopes and canyon sides, in dry gravelly and rocky soils, some-times in crevices of rock. In very open, but practically pure stands, or scattered amongJeffrey and lodgepole pines. Cli.matic Conditions.—Similar to those of .Jeffrey pine. ToLER.NCE.— Imperfectly known. Appears to be decidedly intolerant of shade in allstages of growth ; always grows in full light. Reproduction.—Very abundant seeder, but seedlings are only occasional and scatteredin pure mineral soil. 186 FOEEST TEEES OF THE PACIFIC SLOPE. Utah Juniper. Junipcnis iitaJiciisis (Eiijiehn.) Leniniou. DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERISTICS. Utah juniper inhabits only a small part of the Pacific region, its main rangelying east of tliis region. Connnonly a low, very short-trunked, hnshy, or many-st(Mume(l tree from 0 to 12 feet high and from 4 to 8 inches through near theground; sometimes considerably thicker, and with a wide, rounded, rather open. Fio. 73.—Juniperns utahensis: a, seed. crown of numerous, upriglit, crumpled liml)s. The usually short trunk is apt tobe one-sided, with conspicuous hollows (or folds) and ridges. Its thin, whitishbark is cut into long, thinnish scales. Afinute, sharp, scale-like, pale yellowish-green leaves (fig. To), generallywithout a pit (gland) on the back, are mostly in alternately opposite x)airs, and FOKEST TREES OF THE PACIFIC SLOPE. 187 closely overlap each other in -i rows on the slender, stiff-looking twigs; some-times arranged in 0 rows with three leaves at a joint. I^eaves of vigorousleading shoots are much larger and keenly pointed, while those of seedlings areneedle-like. The twigs appear round. Leaves of each seasons growth persistten or twelve years or more. Bark of larger twigs which have shed their leavesis pale reddish hrowu and scaly. Kipe herries (fig. 7.3), maturetl in the fall ofthe second year, are covered with a whitish bloom which, when

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