. Les fourmis ; leur structure, le développement et le comportement. s les plus connus. Il est extrêmement rare en Angleterre, mais commonin beaucoup d'endroits sur le continent ( la Hollande, le Luxembourg, la Saxe,•la Suisse). Son hôte normal est l'esclave rouge-sang, Formicasanguined, bien que très rarement, se trouvent dans les nids de F. pratensis. rufaand Des espèces d', Atemeles pubicollis (Fig. 239)se reproduit dans les nids de F. rufa, parado.nts dans ceux de F. rufibarbis dans andemarginatus fitsca ceux de F.. Le Xeuoiiiisa alsorepresented est américain par plusieurs espèces, le plus connu est un cava,(Fig. 241). Comme l'a mangé

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. Ants; their structure, development and behavior. s the best known. It is exceedingly rare in England, but commonin many places on the Continent ( Holland, Luxemburg, Saxony, •Switzerland). Its normal host is the blood-red slave-maker, Formicasanguined, though very rarely it may be found in the nests of F. rufaand pratensis. Of the species of Atemeles, pubicollis (Fig. 239)breeds in the nests of F. rufa, parado.nts in those of F. rufibarbis andemarginatus in those of F. fitsca. The American Xeuoiiiisa is alsorepresented by several species, the best known of which is A, cava(Fig. 241). Like Atemeles, this beetle has two hosts, butboth of these are Campono-tine ants. It passes thewinter in the nests of Cain-ponotus pennsylvanicus ornoveboraccnsis and breedsin the early summer in thenests of Formica species.1 have seen its larvae in thenest of F. inccrta. Theyhave longer appendages thanLomechusa larvae and canwalk about and beg the antsfor food by raising andstroking their cheeks withthe anterior pair of feet.Like the larvae of Atemeles. FIG. 243. Larvje and pupse of Pacliycondylaliarpa.r and its commensal Metopina pachycon-dylcc. (Original.) The Pachycondyla larvaemarked a. have each a Metopina larva around and Lomcchlisa thev de- tle nec^ > ^. isolated Metopina larva: c, Meto-pina puparium ; d, cocoon of Pachycondyla. vour the ant brood. There is evidence that colonies of inccrta infested with Xcnodnsatend, like those of sanguined infested with Lomechusa, to produce pseu-dogynes. These queer, mongrel forms (Figs. 57, b; 242 ; 267, b) are anabortive combination of the female thorax with the stature, gaster andhead of the worker. They are usually paler in color than the normal A TS. orkers and very la/}, cowardly and incompetent— frustrate exist-ences, as Wasmann appropriately calls them. Usually they makeul 5-7 Per cent., more rarely as much as 20 per cent., of the personnelof sain/nincii colonies infested with Loincchusa. In one colony ofinccrta, which I foun

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