Monuments historiques de l'église primitive . ction de sites,mais pour l'ex-tension constante de l'excava-tion. Et en fait theexcavators-fossores-constituait une sorte ofguild. Leur wascommitted à la préparation-tion des morts forburial theiractual, ainsi que l'inhumation ; butto leur thereattached theignominy bureau aucune de qui madecontemptible nameof performedsimilar la ceux qui ont des fonctions dans la communauté païenne - le vespiUones.Au contraire, ils étaient fiers de leur titre et inscribedit sur leurs tombes comme une marque de la dignité et du mérite. Dans le troisième siècle étaient réellement fossors thecl compté parmi

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Monuments of the early church . ction of sites, but for the constant ex-tension of the excava-tion. And in fact theexcavators—fossores—constituted a sort ofguild. To them wascommitted the prepara-tion of the dead forburial, as well as theiractual interment; butto their office thereattached none of theignominy which madecontemptible the nameof those who performedsimilar functions in the pagan community — the vespiUones.On the contrary, they were proud of their title and inscribedit upon their tombs as a mark of dignity and merit. In thethird century the fossors were actually reckoned among theclergy as the lowest grade; and in the fourth it appears (fromseveral inscriptions which speak of tombs bought from fossors)that they had the general control of the cemeteries. On thetombstones are often represented the tools of the fossor, andin the frescos, the fossor at work (Fig. 7). How far the fos-sors of the several cemeteries were united by their craft wehave no clear indication. It is to be noted, however, that the. Fig. 7. — Arcosolium of the fossor Diogenes, a fresco inthe catacomb of Callistus. Third century. THE CATACOMBS AND THE TITLES 37 different catacombs, for all their similarity, are marked bycertain differences which indicate not only a separate history, but an independent tradition in the style of decoration. THE CATACOMBS AND THE TITLES Besides the fossors, there must have been a higher authoritycharged with the. general superintendence of the catacombs.During the earliest x>eriod, while the cemeteries were stillprivate property and represented an extension of the familytomb to include those who were of the same family in thefaith, we can only represent to ourselves that they were heldat the disposition of the noble owners. But when, with thebeginning of the third century, they became virtually, if notlegally, the corporate property of the Church, we cannot butthink of them in some strict relation to the regular ecclesiasti-cal organization. And, i

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